id
	15643
Url
	https://chloe.cnr.it/s/BiDiAr/item/15643
Resource template
	Academic Article
Resource class
	bibo:AcademicArticle
Title
	Energy cost of walking and running at extreme  uphill and downhill slopes
Creator
	Minetti, Alberto E.
	Moia, Christian
	Roi, Giulio S.
	Susta, Davide
	Ferretti, Guido
Date
	2002
Language
	eng
Abstract
	The costs of walking (Cw) and running (Cr) were measured on 10 runners on a treadmill inclined between −0.45 to +0.45 at different speeds. The minimum Cw was 1.64 ± 0.50 J · kg−1 · m−1 at a 1.0 ± 0.3 m/s speed on the level. It increased on positive slopes, attained 17.33 ± 1.11 J · kg−1 · m−1 at +0.45, and was reduced to 0.81 ± 0.37 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.10. At steeper slopes, it increased to reach 3.46 ± 0.95 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.45. Cr was 3.40 ± 0.24 J · kg−1 · m−1 on the level, independent of speed. It increased on positive slopes, attained 18.93 ± 1.74 J · kg−1 · m−1 at +0.45, and was reduced to 1.73 ± 0.36 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.20. At steeper slopes, it increased to reach 3.92 ± 0.81 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.45. The mechanical efficiencies of walking and running above +0.15 and below −0.15 attained those of concentric and eccentric muscular contraction, respectively. The optimum gradients for mountain paths approximated 0.20–0.30 for both gaits. Downhill, Cr was some 40% lower than reported in the literature for sedentary subjects. The estimated maximum running speeds on positive gradients corresponded to those adopted in uphill races; on negative gradients they were well above those attained in downhill competitions.
Is Part Of
	Journal of Applied Physiology
Doi
	https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01177.2001
Issn
	8750-7587
Issue
	3
Pages
	1039-1046
Uri
	https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/japplphysiol.01177.2001
Volume
	93
Homepage
	https://www.zotero.org/groups/5293298/bidiar/items/5YP8C5CS/item-list

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