{
    "o:id": 15643,
    "url": "https://chloe.cnr.it/s/BiDiAr/item/15643",
    "o:resource_template": "Academic Article",
    "o:resource_class": "bibo:AcademicArticle",
    "dcterms:title": [
        "Energy cost of walking and running at extreme  uphill and downhill slopes"
    ],
    "dcterms:creator": [
        "Minetti, Alberto E.",
        "Moia, Christian",
        "Roi, Giulio S.",
        "Susta, Davide",
        "Ferretti, Guido"
    ],
    "dcterms:date": [
        "2002"
    ],
    "dcterms:language": [
        "eng"
    ],
    "dcterms:abstract": [
        "The costs of walking (Cw) and running (Cr) were measured on 10 runners on a treadmill inclined between −0.45 to +0.45 at different speeds. The minimum Cw was 1.64 ± 0.50 J · kg−1 · m−1 at a 1.0 ± 0.3 m/s speed on the level. It increased on positive slopes, attained 17.33 ± 1.11 J · kg−1 · m−1 at +0.45, and was reduced to 0.81 ± 0.37 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.10. At steeper slopes, it increased to reach 3.46 ± 0.95 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.45. Cr was 3.40 ± 0.24 J · kg−1 · m−1 on the level, independent of speed. It increased on positive slopes, attained 18.93 ± 1.74 J · kg−1 · m−1 at +0.45, and was reduced to 1.73 ± 0.36 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.20. At steeper slopes, it increased to reach 3.92 ± 0.81 J · kg−1 · m−1 at −0.45. The mechanical efficiencies of walking and running above +0.15 and below −0.15 attained those of concentric and eccentric muscular contraction, respectively. The optimum gradients for mountain paths approximated 0.20–0.30 for both gaits. Downhill, Cr was some 40% lower than reported in the literature for sedentary subjects. The estimated maximum running speeds on positive gradients corresponded to those adopted in uphill races; on negative gradients they were well above those attained in downhill competitions."
    ],
    "dcterms:isPartOf": [
        "Journal of Applied Physiology"
    ],
    "bibo:doi": [
        "https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01177.2001"
    ],
    "bibo:issn": [
        "8750-7587"
    ],
    "bibo:issue": [
        "3"
    ],
    "bibo:pages": [
        "1039-1046"
    ],
    "bibo:uri": [
        "https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/japplphysiol.01177.2001"
    ],
    "bibo:volume": [
        "93"
    ],
    "foaf:homepage": [
        "https://www.zotero.org/groups/5293298/bidiar/items/5YP8C5CS/item-list"
    ]
},