id Url Resource template Resource class Title Creator Subject Description Publisher Contributor Date Type Format Identifier Language Relation Coverage Rights Alternative Title Abstract Date Created Date Issued Date Modified Medium Is Replaced By Replaces Requires Is Part Of Has Part Is Referenced By References Spatial Coverage Temporal Coverage Access Rights Bibliographic Citation License Rights Holder Cited by Cites Editor List of editors Status Doi Identifier Isbn Issn Issue Number of pages Number of volumes Pages Short title Uri Volume Name Surname Homepage Funded by Account Member Status Tag Number Current Location Is Shown At Is Shown By Europeana Rights Europeana Type Part of Is supported by Is supplied by Latitude Longitude Lat/long Has format Operating systems In series 10218 https://chloe.cnr.it/s/BiDiAr/item/10218 Academic Article bibo:AcademicArticle GIS usage in worldwide archaeology Djindjian, François 1998 eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.en CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 This paper is an introduction to the IX issue of «Archeologia e Calcolatori», dedicated to GIS in Archaeology. GIS technologies are first put in the context of Computer Science since the sixties. It is shown that the development of GIS results from a general evolution of computer manufacturing towards both multimedia and workstation solutions. The needs of the archaeologist for graphics and GIS are mainly within Rescue Archaeology, large site excavations, regional settlements studies and Cultural Resources Management (CRM). The progress of the use of GIS in Archaeology over the last 10 years has been analysed through 150 projects described in the present volume. It shows the advance of GIS applications in Anglo-Saxon countries (US, UK, Australia), even though in other countries the success of GIS is growing. The survey indicates a global rate of worldwide development of 25% per year. Pilot studies of GIS applications are mainly conducted by research Institutes (70%) and then culture heritage administrations (30%). About 40% of the GIS projects are CRM projects, 25% excavation management projects and 35% regional settlement studies. The computers used are Unix workstations (33%) and PCs (66%). About 40% of GIS users have chosen Arclnfo from Esri, while 50% have chosen low cost software like Maplnfo, Idrisi or Grass. The market for GIS applications in Archaeology seems to be shared between vector packages dedicated to CRM, raster packages dedicated to regional settlement studies, and CAD/CAM packages dedicated to survey and excavation. But progressively, the different packages will be adapted to have all the required functions, including image processing and interfacing with DBMS and statistical packages. Finally, GIS applications in Archaeology are not intrinsically theory oriented, even if environmental determinationism has found within GIS a perfect tool for its needs. https://chloe.cnr.it/s/BiDiAr/item/2002 19–30 http://www.archcalc.cnr.it/journal/id.php?id=246 9 https://www.zotero.org/groups/5293298/bidiar/items/WFP99R7C/item-list